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1.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 215(7): 363-370, oct. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-141809

RESUMO

Antecedentes y objetivos. Analizar las características clínicas diferenciales en función del sexo en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) en cuanto a etiología, comorbilidad, desencadenantes, tratamiento, estancia hospitalaria y mortalidad global al año. Pacientes y método. Se utilizaron los datos del registro RICA, cohorte prospectiva multicéntrica de pacientes hospitalizados en servicios de Medicina Interna por IC con seguimiento de un año. Se analizaron las diferencias de género en cuanto a la etiología de la cardiopatía, comorbilidad, factor desencadenante, fracción de eyección de ventrículo izquierdo, situación funcional, estado mental, tratamiento, estancia y mortalidad al año. Resultados. Se incluyeron 1772 pacientes (47,2% varones). Las mujeres eran mayores que los varones (p<0,001), tenían mayor prevalencia de hipertensión, obesidad, enfermedad renal crónica, fibrilación auricular y fracción de eyección de ventrículo izquierdo preservada (p<0,001). Entre los varones predominaban los antecedentes de infarto de miocardio, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, arteriopatía periférica (p<0,001) y anemia (p=0,02). En las mujeres predominó la etiología hipertensiva, seguida de la valvular. Los principales desencadenantes fueron la hipertensión y fibrilación auricular. El tratamiento con beta-bloqueantes, IECA y/o ARA II no difirió en función del sexo. Las mujeres tenían peor capacidad funcional (p<0,001) según el índice de Barthel. Tras ajustar por edad y otros factores pronósticos, la mortalidad al año fue menor entre las mujeres RR:0,69 (IC 95% 0,53-0,89; p=0,004). Conclusiones. La IC en la mujer se presenta a edad más avanzada y con diferente comorbilidad. Predomina la etiología hipertensiva y valvular, con fracción de eyección de ventrículo izquierdo preservada, y la mortalidad ajustada por la edad es menor que en el varón (AU)


History and objectives: To analyze the differential clinical characteristics according to gender of patients with heart failure in terms of etiology, comorbidity, triggers, treatment, hospital stay and overall mortality at one year. Patients and method: We employed data from the RICA registry, a multicenter prospective cohort of patients hospitalized in internal medicine departments for heart failure, with a follow up of one year. We analyzed the differences between the gender in terms of the etiology of the heart disease, comorbidity, triggers, left ventricle ejection fraction, functional state, mental condition, treatment, length of stay and mortality at 1 year. Results: A total of 1772 patients (47.2% men) were included. The women were older than the men (p<.001) and had a higher prevalence of hypertension, obesity, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricle ejection fraction (p<.001). The men’s medical history had a predominance of myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral arteriopathy (p<.001) and anemia (p=.02). In the women, a hypertensive etiology was predominant, followed by valvular. The main triggers were hypertension and atrial fibrillation. Treatment with beta-blockers, ACEIs and/or ARBs did not differ by sex. The women had poorer functional capacity (p<.001), according to the Barthel index. After adjusting for age and other prognostic factors, the mortality at one year was lower among the women (RR: 0.69; 95% CI 0.53-0.89; p=.004). Conclusions: HF in women occurs at a later age and with different comorbidities. The hypertensive and valvular etiology is predominant, with preserved left ventricle ejection fraction, and the age-adjusted mortality is lower than in men (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Insuficiência Cardíaca/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/prevenção & controle , Prognóstico , Tempo de Internação/economia , Tempo de Internação/tendências , Fibrilação Atrial/epidemiologia , Identidade de Gênero , Comorbidade , Estudos de Coortes , Doença Arterial Periférica/epidemiologia , Doença Arterial Periférica/prevenção & controle , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Angiotensina II/uso terapêutico , Análise Multivariada
2.
Rev Clin Esp (Barc) ; 215(7): 363-70, 2015 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25796465

RESUMO

HISTORY AND OBJECTIVES: To analyze the differential clinical characteristics according to gender of patients with heart failure in terms of etiology, comorbidity, triggers, treatment, hospital stay and overall mortality at one year. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We employed data from the RICA registry, a multicenter prospective cohort of patients hospitalized in internal medicine departments for heart failure, with a follow-up of one year. We analyzed the differences between the gender in terms of the etiology of the heart disease, comorbidity, triggers, left ventricle ejection fraction, functional state, mental condition, treatment, length of stay and mortality at 1 year. RESULTS: A total of 1772 patients (47.2% men) were included. The women were older than the men (p<.001) and had a higher prevalence of hypertension, obesity, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricle ejection fraction (p<.001). The men's medical history had a predominance of myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral arteriopathy (p<.001) and anemia (p=.02). In the women, a hypertensive etiology was predominant, followed by valvular. The main triggers were hypertension and atrial fibrillation. Treatment with beta-blockers, ACEIs and/or ARBs did not differ by sex. The women had poorer functional capacity (p<.001), according to the Barthel index. After adjusting for age and other prognostic factors, the mortality at one year was lower among the women (RR: 0.69; 95% CI 0.53-0.89; p=.004). CONCLUSIONS: HF in women occurs at a later age and with different comorbidities. The hypertensive and valvular etiology is predominant, with preserved left ventricle ejection fraction, and the age-adjusted mortality is lower than in men.

7.
An Med Interna ; 18(7): 364-8, 2001 Jul.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11534421

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) are replacing unfractionated heparin (UH) in treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVP), showing their security and effectiveness. METHODS: To demonstrate their security and effectiveness a randomized prospective study was realised. It compared UH with LMWH in DP treatment, clinically diagnosed and confirmed with eco-Doppler. The study included 32 patients (21 males and 11 females); 15 received UH in continuos i.v. infusion and 17 sodic dalteparine, with dicumarinic afterwards in every case. The patients were followed for one year. RESULTS: There were no differences between the two groups of treatment in clinical/radiological effectiveness either in short term nor one year follow up. There were no significative differences in side effects. CONCLUSION: LMWH are as effective and safe as UH for DVT treatment. They also have a more comfortable dosage for the patient, avoiding the i.v. infusion and the coagulation test, which allows treatment at home.


Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular/uso terapêutico , Trombose Venosa/tratamento farmacológico , Dalteparina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Heparina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos
8.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 18(7): 364-368, jul. 2001.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-8319

RESUMO

Antecedentes: Las heparinas de bajo peso molecular están sustituyendo de forma progresiva a las heparinas no fraccionadas en el tratamiento de la enfermedad tromboembólica, porque parecen haber demostrado ser seguras y eficaces.Métodos: Para analizar su eficacia y seguridad en nuestro medio, se realizó un estudio prospectivo aleatorizado en el que se comparaba la heparina sódica con una heparina de bajo peso molecular en el tratamiento de las trombosis venosas profundas, diagnosticadas clínicamente y confirmadas por eco-Doppler. Se incluyeron 32 pacientes (21 varones y 11 mujeres) de los cuales 15 recibieron heparina sódica en perfusión continua y 17 dalteparina sódica, seguida posteriormente de dicumarínicos en todos los casos. Se realizó un seguimiento de un año.Resultados: No hubo diferencias entre ambos grupos de tratamiento en eficacia clínica/radiológica a corto plazo ni en el año de seguimiento. Asimismo tampoco hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto a efectos secundarios.Conclusión: En nuestro medio, las heparinas de bajo peso molecular resultan tan eficaces y seguras como la heparina sódica para el tratamiento de la trombosis venosa profunda, presentando una posología más cómoda para el paciente, evitando el uso de bombas de infusión y la práctica de controles analíticos, y posibilitando el tratamiento domiciliario. (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Trombose Venosa , Anticoagulantes , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular , Heparina , Dalteparina
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